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Fascism in South America
Fascism in South America was an assortment of political parties and movements modelled on fascism. Although originating in Europe and primarily associated with that continent the ideology did cross the Atlantic Ocean between the wars another had an influence on South American politics. Although the ideas of Falangism had probably the deepest impact in South America, due in no small part to the concept of Hispanidad, more generic fascism was also an important factor in regional politics.
==Argentina==
During the 1920s former socialist Leopoldo Lugones became a supporter of fascism and from this basis a coterie of pro-fascist intellectuals grew. Including amongst its number Juan Carulla, Ernesto Palacio, Manuel Gálvez, Carlos Ibarguren, Roberto de Laferrere, Mario Amadeo and the brothers Rodolfo and Julio Irazusta, the gathered around the journal ''La Nueva Republica'' and expressed ideas reminiscent of those of Charles Maurras.〔Sandra McGee Deutsch, ''Las Derechas'', 1999, pp. 197-8〕 They grouped together under the name ADUNA (''Afirmación de Una Nueva Argentina'') although this was a loose alliance that struggled for support outside the intellectual elements of society.〔Roger Girffin, ''The Nature of Fascism'', 1993, p. 149〕 They did however work closely with the regime of José Félix Uriburu, which initially attempted to introduce corporatism inspired by Benito Mussolini before giving way to the Infamous Decade of highly repressive and conservative military dictatorship.〔Robert O. Paxton, ''The Anatomy of Fascism'', 2004, pp. 191-2〕
This group however despite openly expressing their enthusiasm for fascism, retained links to the established conservative political elements with organised fascism being led by Thomist writer Nimio de Anquín, whose ''Union National Fascista'' was active in various forms from the late 1920s until 1939.〔Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'', 1990, pp. 11-2〕 His fellow Thomist Julio Meinvielle was also active in support of fascism and distilled much of the anti-Semitism of Nazism as well.〔McGee Deutsch, ''Las Derechas'', p. 226〕 He became the theological force behind the militant Tacuara Nationalist Movement.
Argentina came under the rule of Juan Perón in 1946 and he is sometimes characterised as a fascist. However the description of Peronism as fascist has proven controversial in academic circles.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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